Endocarditis prophylaxis is recommended for procedures that involve manipulation of gingival tissue or the periapical region of teeth or perforation of the oral mucosa.

• In general; any procedure that cause bleeding from the gingival, mucosa or bone.

• Periodontal procedures including probing, scaling root planning and surgery.

• Endodontic instrumentation or surgery beyond the apex.

• Application of matrix bands below the gingival margin.

• Subgingival placement of gingival retraction cord/strips.

• Placement of orthodontic bands, but not brackets.

• Intraligamentary local anaesthetic injections.

• Reimplantation of avulsed teeth and repositioning of teeth after trauma.

• Oral surgical procedures including biopsy procedures and raising of mucosal flaps.

• Surgical drainage of dental abscesses.

• Extraction of teeth.

Endocarditis prophylaxis is NOT recommended for the following.

• Natural shedding of primary deciduous teeth.

• Dental examination, other than periodontal probing.

• Radiographic examination.

• Local anaesthetic injections, unless intraligamentary.

• Restorative dentistry where the procedure is above the gingival.

• Impressions, construction and placement of removable orthodontic appliances.

• Adjustment of orthodontic appliances.

• Placement of rubber dam, other than subgingival manipulation.

• Postoperative suture removal.